Mutualism and Antagonism: Ecological Interactions Among /13! Bark Beetles, Mites and Fungi
نویسنده
چکیده
Insect-fungal complexes provide challenging and fascinating systems for the study of biotic interactions between plants. plant pathogens, insect vectors and other associated organisms. The types of interactions among these organisms (mutualism. antagonism. parasitism. phoresy. etc.) are as variable as the range of organisms involved (plants, fungi, insects. mites. etc.). We focus on bark beetles and their associated organisms. in particular, on the relationship between the southern pine beetle and its associates in coniferous trees of the southern USA. We begin, however, with an attempt to clearly define the terms we use to describe these relationships.
منابع مشابه
Community Ecology
Feedback from community interactions involving mutualisms are a rarely explored mechanism for generating complex population dynamics. We examined the effects of two linked mutualisms on the population dynamics of a beetle that exhibits outbreak dynamics. One mutualism involves an obligate association between the bark beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis and two mycangial fungi. The second mutualism i...
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